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''Eruca sativa'' (syn. ''E. vesicaria'' subsp. ''sativa'' (Miller) Thell., ''Brassica eruca'' L.) is an edible annual plant, commonly known as salad rocket,〔USDA Plants Profile: (''Eruca vesicaria'' subsp. ''sativa'' )〕 rucola, rucoli, rugula, colewort, roquette, and arugula. It is sometimes conflated with ''Diplotaxis tenuifolia'', known as perennial wall rocket, another plant of the Brassicaceae family that is used in the same manner. Eruca sativa, which is widely popular as a salad vegetable, is a species of ''Eruca'' native to the Mediterranean region, from Morocco and Portugal in the west to Syria, Lebanon and Turkey in the east.〔Med-Checklist: (''Eruca sativa''. )〕〔Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). ''Flora of Britain and Northern Europe''. ISBN 0-340-40170-2.〕 The Latin adjective ''sativa'' in the plant's binomial is derived from ''satum'', the supine of the verb ''sero'',〔See the wiktionary definition of ( ''sativa'' ).〕 meaning "to sow", indicating that the seeds of the plant were sown in gardens. ''Eruca sativa'' differs from ''E. vesicaria'' in having early deciduous sepals.〔 Some botanists consider it a subspecies of ''Eruca vesicaria'': ''E. vesicaria'' subsp. ''sativa''.〔Flora of NW Europe: (''Eruca vesicaria'' )〕 Still others do not differentiate between the two.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flora Europaea Search Results )〕 Other common names include garden rocket,〔 or more simply rocket (British, Australian, South African and New Zealand English),〔 and eruca.〔 The English common name, ''rocket'', derives from the French ''roquette'', a diminutive of the Latin word ''eruca'', which designated an unspecified plant in the Brassicaceae family (probably a type of cabbage).〔''Oxford English Dictionary''〕 Arugula, the common name now widespread in the United States, entered American English from non-standard (dialect) Italian. (The standard Italian word is ''rucola'', a diminutive of the Latin "eruca"). The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' dates the first appearance of "arugula" in American English to a 1960 ''New York Times'' article by food editor and prolific cookbook writer Craig Claiborne. ''Eruca sativa'' grows in height. The leaves are deeply pinnately lobed with four to ten small lateral lobes and a large terminal lobe. The flowers are in diameter, arranged in a corymb in typical Brassicaceae fashion; with creamy white petals veined with purple, and with yellow stamens; the sepals are shed soon after the flower opens. The fruit is a siliqua (pod) long with an apical beak, and containing several seeds (which are edible). The species has a chromosome number of 2''n'' = 22.〔〔〔Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.〕 ==Ecology== ''Eruca sativa'' typically grows on dry, disturbed ground and is also used as a food by the larvae of some moth species,〔〔 including the Garden Carpet moth. Eruca sativa roots are also susceptible to nematode infestation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Arugula: Arugula )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Eruca sativa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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